Quick answer: Use DAF when the solids float rather than settle — oil, grease, fats, fibres and light flocculated solids. If your solids settle readily, a clarifier does the same job for less money and less maintenance. DAF almost always…
Quick answer: Divide the cake volume you must produce per cycle by the volume of one chamber, round up, then add one or two spare positions. Chamber volume comes from plate size and chamber depth. Size on dry solids per…
Quick answer: The membrane is only as good as what reaches it. Free chlorine destroys polyamide membranes permanently and cannot be cleaned off. Hardness scales, iron fouls, oil coats, suspended solids plug. Decide pre-treatment from a full water analysis before…
Quick answer: Blinding is fine particles, scale, oil or biological growth lodging inside the weave until flow falls. The signature is cycle time creeping up while everything else looks normal. Identify which of the four causes you have before washing,…
Quick answer: Biological nitrification-denitrification is the default and the cheapest at normal concentrations. Above roughly 500 mg/L, air stripping or struvite precipitation usually comes first to knock the load down. Ammonia is the parameter most often missed in winter, because…
Quick answer: Choose from the slurry, not from the press. Air-operated diaphragm pumps are the most forgiving because they stall harmlessly against a closed press. Progressing cavity pumps suit polymer-conditioned sludge. Slurry pumps fill fast but cannot finish. Ceramic piston…